Macau

Macau, or Macao (both spellings are correct), is officially titled the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. It's a former Portuguese trading post and colony that can trace its origins back to the middle of the 16th century. Transferred to China in 1999, the territory extends to just over a hundred square kilometres and, with more than half a million inhabitants, it’s one of the most densely populated regions in the world.